https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 1
Colaboración Especial
One health approach: challenges for the training of health professionals
Enfoque de una sola salud: retos para la formación de los profesionales de
la salud
Approche une seule santé: défis pour la formation des professionnels de
santé
Author: María Aurelia Lazo-Pérez
Graduate in Education specializing in Chemistry. Master in Advanced Education. PhD in Pedagogical Sciences. Private
University of Chiclayo. Peru. Email: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com Orcid Code: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8291-6949
ABSTRACT
The emerging knowledge society is promptly
imposing the need for transformations in
higher education systems, basically a call is
made for the establishment of new strategies
to achieve the training of professionals with
extensive knowledge of the relationship
between man, nature and the environment,
which allows establishing critical reflexive
analyzes that lead to comprehensive
evaluative results of the health situations that
are presented. The objective is to analyze the
importance of the one health approach in the
training processes of health professionals. It
can be concluded that the one health approach
is essential for the direction of the training
processes of health professionals since it
allows them to carry out critical and reflective
value analyzes leading to timely decision
making, to develop promotional educational
actions that favor the prevention of diseases,
the identification of risk factors related to the
social determinants of health and provide
quick, accurate, safe and efficient solutions to
the problems of the health-disease process.
Key words: one health, disease health
process.
RESUMEN
La naciente sociedad del conocimiento impone
en la actualidad de manera puntual, la
necesidad de transformaciones en los sistemas
de educación superior. Básicamente se hace un
llamado al establecimiento de nuevas
https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 2
estrategias para lograr la formación de
profesionales con un amplio conocimiento de la
relación entre el hombre, naturaleza y el medio
ambiente. Ello permite establecer análisis
reflexivos críticos que lleven a resultados
valorativos integrales de las situaciones de
salud que se presentan. El objetivo de la
presente publicación es analizar la importancia
del enfoque de “una salud” en los procesos
formativos de los profesionales de la salud. El
enfoque de una salud es fundamental para la
dirección de los procesos formativos de los
profesionales de esta área del conocimiento,
ya que les permite realizar análisis valorativos
críticos y reflexivos conducentes a tomas de
decisiones oportunas, para desarrollar
acciones educativas promocionales que
favorezcan la prevención de enfermedades, la
identificación de factores de riesgos
relacionados con las determinantes sociales de
salud y aportar soluciones rápidas, certeras,
seguras y eficientes a las problemáticas del
proceso salud enfermedad.
Palabras clave: una salud, proceso salud
enfermedad.
RÉSUMÉ
La société de la connaissance émergente
impose rapidement la nécessité de
transformations dans les systèmes
d'enseignement supérieur.
Fondamentalement, un appel est lancé pour la
mise en place de nouvelles stratégies pour
parvenir à la formation de professionnels ayant
une connaissance approfondie de la relation
entre l'homme, la nature et l'environnement.
Ce qui permet d'établir des analyses réflexives
critiques qui conduisent à des résultats
évaluatifs complets des situations de santé
présentées. L'objectif de cette publication est
d'analyser l'importance de l'approche « une
seule santé » dans les processus de formation
des professionnels de la santé. L'approche une
seule santé est essentielle pour l'orientation
des processus de formation des professionnels
de la santé puisqu'elle leur permet d'effectuer
des analyses de valeur critiques et réflexives
menant à une prise de décision opportune, de
développer des actions éducatives
promotionnelles qui favorisent la prévention
des maladies, l'identification des facteurs de
risque liés aux déterminants sociaux de la
santé et à apporter des solutions rapides,
précises, sûres et efficaces aux problèmes du
processus santé-maladie.
Mots-clés: une seule santé, processus santé-
maladie.
EXHIBITION OF THE COMMENT
Since the beginning of human development,
man has been affected by periods of pandemic,
caused by the evolutionary process itself that
produced human migrations, as well as the
increase in commercial relations.1 The
emerging knowledge society promptly imposes
the need for transformations in higher
education systems, basically a call is made for
the establishment of new strategies to achieve
the training of professionals with extensive
knowledge of the relationship between man,
nature and the environment, which allows
establishing critical reflexive analyzes that lead
to comprehensive evaluative results of the
health situations that are presented.
https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 3
At this time, the appearance of the COVID-19
pandemic in the world has resulted in several
investigations being carried out, which delves
into the relationships established by men with
the environment, plants and animals.2
The study of this epidemiological situation led
the researchers to think of a new approach for
the analysis of the health situation of the
population; this approach becomes more
relevant with the need to establish in the
analysis of inter, multi and transdisciplinary
relationships. This leads the university health
community to reconsider the designs of the
careers and, above all, the development of the
training process, its purposes and the profile of
its graduates. These analyzes should be based
on the “one health” approach.3 The objective is
to analyze the importance of the one health
approach in the training processes of health
professionals.
This approach makes it possible to coordinate
and promote collaborations between society's
institutions and human, animal, plant and
environmental health programs. The challenge
of these coordinations is to show the path of
the evaluative analyzes that health
professionals must carry out to assume the
problems of the health-disease process from
the relationships established between human
beings, animals, and the environment.2,3
Universities in their training work for health
professionals have the responsibility of being
in tune with the development of science,
technology and innovation, in addition to
providing comprehensive training to students.
In the case of health training, this must be
supported by knowledge of all the elements
that affect man in his context and that
intervene in his state of health.
The 2030 agenda, in the Sustainable
Development Goal number three, establishes
that health is a state priority. This ensures that
states must guarantee a healthy life, in
addition to promoting the well-being of men
regardless of their age, ethnicity or race.4
Among the provisions to guarantee health,
sanitation, water quality, clean energy,
environmental pollution should be ensured;
accompanied this care with exchanges of
knowledge, teamwork, intersectoral work.
Everything that leads to the need to strengthen
inter, multi and transdisciplinary analyzes in
the training process as a basis for quick, timely
and efficient decision-making.5
On the other hand, it is a reality that, if
environmental and animal health is not
ensured, public health will not be guaranteed
despite its policies and legislation. This is
because most emerging diseases are
associated with wildlife. Today, from a new
vision, zoonoses are carefully studied. The
reality shows that many of the studies of
epidemiological emergency situations have
become pandemics, and are related to the
improper use of the environment.6,7
This analysis makes it possible to ensure that
it is the pertinent approach that should be
worked on in the training processes of health
professionals, so that they can incorporate the
contents learned and the integrating
perspective provided by the "one health"
approach into their value analysis.
https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 4
In university health training processes, one
must work with the idea that physical and
mental health is determined by socioeconomic,
cultural, and environmental relations and by
man's transformative activity with nature; in
addition to technological development and
demographic growth, becoming a human
pressure on ecosystems.8
The systematization carried out shows that the
profound transformations that the world is
undergoing force the academic community to
seek new alternatives that allow stimulating
creative and innovative thinking, with an
integrating look at the aspects that make up
the reality of health. Under this new
conception, the Science of Medical Education
calls on its professionals so that the training
process is based on new approaches that allow
it to assume the challenges of today's society.9
This author provides a new look at the
definition of Public Health. In this view, the
environment gains strength and invites the
effective management of social transitions
(demographic, epidemiological, food,
technological, cultural, organizational,
economic, scientific and innovative).9,10
The training of health professionals is a
concern in several ways. These must carry out
comprehensive analyzes to reach quick,
accurate and timely decision-making, based on
critical reflective analysis of the state of health
in general.10
Health professionals must be trained as agents
of transformation, so it is a reality that
universities become an academy of science
and technological innovation, with the purpose
of building healthy environments, for which we
must use, without a doubt. new educational,
training and research paradigms;
complemented by a focus on health that
reinforces the interconnection between
humans, animals, plants and the
environment.11 In other words, they must be
formed with the precepts that the health of
man as a species is closely linked to the health
of animals and the environment.12
It is the author's criteria that the relationship
between the university, society, the
environment, plants and animals; and of
course the legal provisions, policies and
regulations of governments, is the secret to
guarantee sustainable, equitable public health.
It is concluded that the "one health" approach
is essential for the direction of the training
processes of health professionals, since it
allows them to carry out critical and reflective
evaluative analyzes leading to timely decision-
making. In this way, promotional educational
actions can be developed that favor the
prevention of diseases, the identification of risk
factors related to the social determinants of
health; and provide fast, accurate, safe and
efficient solutions to the problems of the
health-disease process.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
No conflicts of interest are declared.
https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 5
BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES
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noviembre de 2022];12(2):147–55. Disponible en:
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Llanes M, Elena M. Educación en Ciencia - Tecnología - Sociedad en la formación general
integral del profesional de la salud. Humanidades médicas [Internet]. 2006 [citado el 26 de
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https://editorial.udv.edu.gt/index.php/RCMV
*Author for correspondence: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez. E-mail: marialazoperez1965@gmail.com
Received on December 07, 2022. Accepted on December 10, 2022.
Rev. CMV. 2023;1(1-3):e003 6
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ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL EDITORIAL
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LETTER OF AUTHORIZATION FOR PUBLICATION AND
DISTRIBUTION
To the editorial committee of the Journal of Medical Sciences and Life
Article title: One health approach: challenges for the training of health professionals
Author's name: María Aurelia Lazo Pérez
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City/Country: Chiclayo/Perú
Date: December 06, 2022
