PAFIYAMA, descripción de una nueva entidad clínica en atletas de edad media y sus repercusiones a largo plazo PAFIYAMA, description of a new clinical entity in middle-aged athletes and its long-term repercussions / PAFIYAMA, description d'une nouvelle entité clinique chez le sportif d'âge moyen et ses répercussions à long terme
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Abstract
Introducción: la fibrilación auricular es la arritmia cardíaca más común, cuyo riesgo suele aumentar con la edad. Esta condición se asocia comúnmente con las principales enfermedades cardiovasculares y daño estructural del corazón, mientras que rara vez se observa en personas jóvenes sanas. Objetivo: analizar la creciente evidencia relacionada con la fibrilación auricular paroxística en atletas de resistencia, jóvenes o de mediana edad y sanos. Métodos: se buscó la literatura sobre el tema de la fibrilación auricular asociada con el ejercicio de resistencia extenuante. Se encontraron unas 281 referencias con los términos incluidos, pero se tomaron en consideración los 50 artículos indexados que se consideraron más relevantes. Análisis e integración de la información: la creciente evidencia indica que la fibrilación auricular paroxística también puede ser iniciar en atletas de resistencia, en particular jóvenes o de mediana edad y por lo demás sanos. Se sugiere el uso de la definición de un nuevo síndrome basado en los datos acumulados en la literatura: fibrilación auricular relacionada con ejercicio físico extenuante bajo el acrónimo de “PAFIYAMA”. El diagnóstico objetivo de esta afección se puede alcanzar cumpliendo una serie de criterios diagnósticos putativos, una vez que se han descartado los factores de riesgo comunes para la fibrilación auricular y otras causas subyacentes. Conclusiones: la creciente evidencia sugiere que la fibrilación auricular asociada con el ejercicio físico extenuante ahora puede considerarse como una entidad clínica única, que puede definirse tentativamente como “PAFIYAMA”.
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