Liderazgo con enfoque futurista, compartido y de servicio para la transformación nacional y el mejoramiento de la salud y bienestar de la población
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Introducción: este artículo desarrolla el primer pilar de la estrategia tripartita descrita en la publicación “Una visión presidencial para Guatemala sustentada en los determinantes sociales de la salud”. Aborda la necesidad de una transformación política y social, cimentada en nueva gobernanza y liderazgo renovado. Objetivos: analizar los factores que limitan el desarrollo sostenible en salud y proponer el tipo de liderazgo capaz de generar transformaciones multidimensionales que impacten positivamente en el sistema de salud y equidad social. Métodos: se empleó un diseño cualitativo de análisis y síntesis conceptual, con enfoque inductivo-deductivo e histórico-ecológico, para identificar patrones estructurales y sistémicos de liderazgo, aplicar marcos globales, construir un modelo contextualizado y generar un marco operativo de gobernanza en salud y nacional. Resultados: como punto de partida y condición fundamental para mejorar la salud y bienestar de la población, se propone un liderazgo con enfoque futurista, compartido y de servicio, con visión a largo plazo, colaboración colectiva y multisectorial, bien común y justicia social. Este liderazgo se integra como uno de cuatro nuevos componentes interdependientes del liderazgo transformacional: liderazgo visionario y gestión administrativa; equilibrio entre liderazgo filtrado y no filtrado; personal como política pública; y liderazgo futurista, compartido y de servicio. Conclusiones: para mejorar la salud pública y enfrentar ciclos persistentes de corrupción, ineficiencia y desigualdad, se requiere un nuevo paradigma de liderazgo: ético, visionario, no filtrado, colectivo, participativo y orientado al servicio. Sin este tipo de liderazgo, será difícil lograr reformas sostenibles que mejoren la salud y el bienestar de la población.
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