CONSTRUYENDO SISTEMAS DE SALUD RESILIENTES: Lecciones aprendidas y prácticas óptimas para combatir la corrupción y mejorar la salud poblacional BUILDING RESILIENT HEALTH SYSTEMS: Lessons learned and best practices for combating corruption and improving population health / CONSTRUIRE DES SYSTÈMES DE SANTÉ RÉSILIENS: Leçons apprises et meilleures pratiques pour combattre la corruption et améliorer la santé / CONSTRUINDO SISTEMAS DE SAÚDE RESILIENTES: Lições aprendidas e melhores práticas para combater a corrupção e melhorar a saúde da população
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Abstract
Introducción: Esta publicación complementa un artículo previo del autor al explorar los desafíos sistémicos, el impacto de la corrupción y visiones estratégicas para aumentar la eficiencia y efectividad de los sistemas de salud. Objetivo: identificar patrones y tendencias de publicaciones selectas para generar nueva inteligencia y conocimiento para combatir la corrupción y mejorar la salud poblacional. Métodos: Se desarrolló una síntesis cualitativa de once publicaciones sobre fortalecimiento de sistemas de salud y corrupción. Se emplearon técnicas de minería de datos para identificar patrones de acción y enfoques predominantes, generando 44 lecciones aprendidas y 44 prácticas óptimas para construir sistemas de salud resilientes. Se revisó literatura complementaria para corroborar los hallazgos y proponer estrategias y soluciones de reforma accionables. Resultados: La corrupción afecta gravemente la salud, la economía y el desarrollo. Es crucial un enfoque holístico que incluya liderazgo visionario, colaboración, competencia y educación interdisciplinaria para lograr cambios sistémicos duraderos. Comprender el impacto de la corrupción y fomentar cambios culturales, sociales y de comportamiento son clave para una reforma efectiva. La reconstrucción personal y sistémica, guiada por profesionales comprometidos y marcos integrales, ofrece un camino viable hacia reformas significativas. La reestructuración gubernamental, colaboración entre actores clave y contratación basada en méritos mejoran la transparencia y eficacia del sistema. Conclusiones: El liderazgo ético, la rendición de cuentas, la participación comunitaria y la responsabilidad, integridad y educación del votante son esenciales para una gobernanza responsable, la erradicación de corrupción sistémica, la construcción de sistemas de salud resilientes y el mejoramiento de la salud.
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