Mobility, Inequality and Human Security in Motorcycle Crashes on National Route 14

Abstract

Introduction: motorcycle crashes are a public health and social development problem associated with mobility, vulnerability, and community road safety. Objective: to characterize social vulnerability and community road safety conditions associated with motorcycle crashes on National Route 14, between Antigua Guatemala and Ciudad Vieja, Sacatepéquez. Method: a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental study was conducted. Fieldwork was carried out from October to December 2025 using non-probability convenience sampling. A total of 150 regular motorcycle riders were surveyed; semi-structured interviews and direct observation provided contextual support. Data were presented as absolute frequencies and percentages. Results: men represented 82.0% of participants, and the 18-30 age group accounted for 46.7%. The most frequent reasons for motorcycle use were lower transportation costs 74.0%, faster travel 69.3%, and use as a work tool 68.7%. A total of 41.3% had not received formal training; 39.3% reported speeding and 28.0% reported mobile phone use while riding. Overall, 84.7% considered specific sections of the route dangerous and identified concerns related to speed, road condition, lighting, and pedestrian safety. Conclusions: the findings characterized motorcycle use linked to mobility and work needs, together with limitations in training, protection, and road-environment conditions. These elements should be considered when assessing motorcyclist safety on National Route 14.